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Title 1
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1148 Jul 24 |
Crusaders, led by Louis VII of France and Conrad III of Germany, attacked Damascus. It was a dismal failure and effectively ended the 2nd Crusade. Links: France, Germany, Vatican, Syria 
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1534 Jul 24 |
Jacques Cartier (43) on his 1st trip to the new world, landed in Canada and claimed it for France. Jacques Cartier while probing for a northern route to Asia visited Labrador and said: "Fit only for wild beasts... This must be the land God gave to Cain." [see May 10] Links: Canada
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1763 Jul 24 |
Ottawa Chief Pontiac led an uprising in the wild, distant lands that would one day become Michigan, Ohio and Pennsylvania. Links: AmerIndian
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1766 Jul 24 |
At Fort Ontario, Canada, Ottawa chief Pontiac and William Johnson signed a peace agreement. Links: Canada, AmerIndian
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1783 Jul 24 |
Simon Bolivar (d.1830), was born in Caracas, Venezuela. He was a soldier and statesmen who led armies of liberation throughout much of South America, including Ecuador, Venezuela, Colombia, Panama, Peru and Bolivia, which took its name from Bolivar. Bolivar, called "the Liberator," was a leader in Venezuela for struggles of national independence in South America. He formed a Gran Colombia that lasted 8 years but broke apart into Venezuela, Colombia and Ecuador. Bolivar died of tuberculosis. Links: Bolivia, Panama, Peru, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela
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1874 Jul 24 |
James Woodward and a colleague by the name of Mathew Evans, described in the patent as a "Gentleman" but in reality a hotel keeper, filed a patent for the Woodward and Evan's Light. Links: Britain, Technology
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1911 Jul 24 |
Hiram Bingham, American explorer, was led by local guides to a Lost City of the Incas. He explored several Inca ruins and the mountaintop citadel of Machu Pichu. He was in search of the lost city of Vilcabamba, the Inca’s legendary last refuge from the invading Spaniards. Bingham was an archeologist from Yale and later served as a Connecticut governor and US senator. In 1948 Bingham authored “Lost City of the Incas.” Links: Peru, USA, Connecticut, Explorer, Inca
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1917 Jul 24 |
The sailing vessel R.P. Rithet caught fire and burned at sea. Captain Knut Lindberg (1865-1935) and crew took to a lifeboat and sailed nearly 1000 miles to Port Allen, Kauai, Hawaii. All 14 men and officers survived. The 1080 ton steel bark was built at Port Glasgow in 1892 for C. Brewer & Co. Matson bought it in 1908 and installed auxiliary diesel engines c. 1916. Links:
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1919 Jul 24 |
LaVerne Noyes (b.1849), American inventor, died. His inventions included the akromotor, a device that converted wind to electricity, and a dictionary holder. Links:
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1923 Jul 24 |
The Treaty of Lausanne, which settled the boundaries of modern Greece and Turkey, was concluded in Switzerland. It replaced the Treaty of Sevres and divided the lands inhabited by the Kurds between Turkey, Iraq and Syria. Article 39 allowed Turkish nationals to use any language they wished in commerce, public and private meetings, and publications. The treaty specifically protected the rights of the Armenian, Greek and Jewish communities. The former provinces of Baghdad, Basra and Mosul were lumped together to form Iraq. Both countries agreed to a massive exchange of religious minorities. Christians were deported from Turkey to Greece and Muslims from Greece to Turkey. A Muslim community of at least 100,000 was allowed in northern Greece. In 2006 Bruce Clark authored “Twice a Stranger: The Mass Expulsions that Forged Modern Greece and Turkey.” Links: Armenia, Iraq, Turkey, Switzerland, Syria, Jews, Kurds
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1924 Jul 24 |
Palmer Cox (b.1840), Canadian artist and writer, died. He wrote and illustrated children’s stories about brownies, little elves from Scottish folklore. 2 dozen of his stories were collected and published in 1887 as “The Brownies: Their Book.” His characters inspired the name for a Kodak camera and for young girl scouts. Links: Canada, Writer
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1927 Jul 24 |
In Ypres, Belgium, the Menin Gate was unveiled. it built to honor the soldiers who died at the Ypres Salient front during WWI. The gate is inscribed with the names of 54,896 soldiers who died but have no graves. Links: Belgium, WWI
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1937 Jul 24 |
The state of Alabama dropped charges against 4 black men accused of raping two white women in the so-called Scottsboro case. Links: USA, Black History, Alabama, Rape
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1941 Jul 24 |
The U.S. government denounced Japanese actions in Indochina. Links: Vietnam
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1961 Jul 24 |
A US commercial plane was hijacked to Cuba and began a trend. Links: Cuba
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1966 Jul 24 |
Oakland-born golfer Tony Lema (32), while flying with his wife Betty to an exhibition match in Chicago, Illinois, crashed on the seventh hole of a golf course in Lansing, Illinois, after their chartered twin-engine Beechcraft Bonanza ran out of fuel. All four people on board were killed. Links: USA, Air Crash, Illinois, SF Bay Area, Golf
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1967 Jul 24 |
Charles de Gaulle diplomatically addressed a Canadian audience: "Vive Quebec libre!" (Long live free Quebec!). Links: Canada
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1969 Jul 24 |
The Apollo XI astronauts, two of whom had been the first men to set foot on the moon, splashed down safely in the Pacific. They were picked up by the 42,000 ton USS Hornet. The Hornet was decommissioned in 1970 and set up as a museum in 1998 in Alameda, Ca. Links: USA, NASA, Ship
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1969 Jul 24 |
Petroleos del Peru (PETROPERU S.A.) was created (law No.17753) as a state-owned entity. Links: Peru, Oil
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1970 Jul 24 |
Freddie Mac (Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp.), a stockholder-owned corporation, was chartered by Congress to keep money flowing to mortgage lenders in support of homeownership and rental housing. Preston Martin (1923-2007) helped spearhead its creation. It was listed as a public company in 1989. Links: USA, Real Estate
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1970 Jul 24 |
In Laos Capt. Donald Bloodworth and his pilot were lost on a night reconnaissance mission in a F-4D fighter-bomber. Bloodworth’s remains were returned to the US in 1998. Links: USA, Laos
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1970 Jul 24 |
Robert B. Choate (d.2009 at 84), an engineer turned consumer advocate, testified on nutrition information for consumers at a Senate subcommittee hearing and used data supplied by cereal manufacturers. He ranked 60 cereals, including Sugar Smacks, Froot Loops, and Lucky charms, by their nutritive value, showing that 40 products offered such poor nourishment that they were essentially “empty calories.” Links: USA, Food
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1970 Jul 24 |
Pres. Nixon signed the Failing Newspaper Act (Newspaper Preservation Act) allowing papers in the same market to cut costs by merging some of their operations. Links: USA, NixonR
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1971 Jul 24 |
The White House Plumbers unit formed to stop the leaking (hence "plumbers") of classified information to the news media during the Nixon administration. Links: USA, NixonR
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1971 Jul 24 |
The Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works was promulgated in Paris. It was first accepted in Berne in 1886 at the instigation of Victor Hugo. Links: France, Switzerland
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1972 Jul 24 |
Bhutan’s King Jigme Dorji Wangchuck died while on safari in Kenya. His son Jigme Druk Gyalpo Jigme Singye Wangchuck (b.1955), the 4th of his dynasty, became king. Links: Bhutan, Kenya
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1973 Jul 24 |
John Ehrlichman, aide to President Richard Nixon, appeared before the Senate Watergate Committee. Testifying before the Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities (the Ervin Committee), Ehrlichman asserted that the burglary of anti-war activist Daniel Ellsberg's psychiatrist's office was within the constitutional powers of the president. The televised committee hearings exposed a wide range of activities, including a secret White House program of harassment and IRS audits of political enemies, burglaries, wiretaps, forging of State Department documents, a secret fund to finance spying and sabotage of Democratic Party primary campaigns and more that culminated in the House vote for impeachment and the Nixon's resignation on August 9, 1974. Links: USA, NixonR, Govm’t. Scandal
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1974 Jul 24 |
The U.S. Supreme Court unanimously ruled that President Nixon had to turn over subpoenaed White House tape recordings to the Watergate special prosecutor. Links: USA, NixonR, Supreme Court
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1974 Jul 24 |
Fernando Bujones (1955-2005), American-Cuban ballet virtuoso, won ballet’s gold medal at Varna, Bulgaria. Links: Bulgaria, USA, Cuba, Ballet
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1975 Jul 24 |
An "Apollo" spacecraft splashed down in the Pacific, completing a mission which included the first-ever docking with a "Soyuz" capsule from the Soviet Union. Links: USA, NASA
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1978 Jul 24 |
The Beatles’ animated film "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band" premiered in the US. Links: USA, Beatles
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1978 Jul 24 |
Chile’s Air Force Gen'l. Gustavo Leigh Guzman was demoted. He was the first junta member to urge the restoration of civilian rule. Links: Chile
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1980 Jul 24 |
Peter Sellers (b.1925), British actor, died in London of a heart attack. His films included the Pink Panther series, “The Mouse that Roared” (1959) and “Dr. Strangelove, or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb” (1964). Links: Britain, Filmstar
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1982 Jul 24 |
Anna Paquin, Oscar winning actress (Piano), was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba. Links: Canada, Filmstar
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1983 Jul 24 |
In Sri Lanka island-wide anti-Tamil riots broke out in retaliation for the deaths of soldiers the day before and some 400 people died. This marked the beginning of the civil war. Links: Sri Lanka
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1984 Jul 24 |
In American Fort, Utah, Ron and Dan Lafferty stabbed to death their sister-in-law, Brenda Lafferty, and her daughter Erica, aged 15 months. In 2003 Jon Krakauer authored "Under the Banner of Heaven," an account of the murder and the Mormon background of the Laffertys. Links: USA, Utah, Murder
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1986 Jul 24 |
Jerry A. Whitworth (47), retired US Navy warrant officer, was convicted in SF for his role in a Soviet spy ring. The government called it the most damaging espionage case since World War II. On August 28 Whitworth was given a 365-year sentence and ordered to pay $410,000. Links: Russia, USA, SF, USSR, Espionage
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1987 Jul 24 |
The re-flagged Kuwaiti supertanker Bridgeton was damaged after hitting a mine in the Persian Gulf. Links: Kuwait, Ship
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1987 Jul 24 |
Hulda Crooks, a 91-year-old mountaineer from California, became the oldest woman to conquer Mount Fuji, Japan's highest peak. Links: Japan, California, Women
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1987 Jul 24 |
Tamil Tiger leader Velupillai Prabhakaran arrived in India to sign a peace agreement with the Sri Lankan government. Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi brokered the agreement with Sri Lanka delivering autonomy to Tamil areas in exchange for an end to the war. The peace agreement was signed by Junius Richard Jayewardene, president of Sri Lanka. Links: India, Sri Lanka
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1988 Jul 24 |
On the campaign trail, Republican George Bush heard chants of "ERA," a reference to the proposed Equal Rights Amendment, from members of a professional women's group in Albuquerque, N.M. Democratic nominee Michael Dukakis was heckled by anti-abortion protesters in St. Louis. Links: USA, Missouri, New Mexico, BushHW
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1989 Jul 24 |
President Bush said he was "aggrieved" about allegations that veteran U.S. diplomat Felix S. Bloch might have spied for the Soviet Union. Links: USA, BushHW, Espionage
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1989 Jul 24 |
Japan’s PM Sousuke Uno (1922-1998) resigned in the wake of Japan's ruling party's defeat. Uno resigned amid a scandal involving his geisha mistress. Criticism focused on allegations that he treated her in a miserly fashion. Links: Japan, Sex
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1990 Jul 24 |
Iraq, accusing Kuwait of conspiring to harm its economy through oil overproduction, massed tens of thousands of troops and hundreds of tanks along the Iraqi-Kuwaiti border. US warships in Persian Gulf were placed on alert. Links: Iraq, USA, Oil, Kuwait
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1991 Jul 24 |
Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev announced a final agreement on a treaty designed to preserve the Soviet federation while giving more power to the republics. Links: Russia, USSR
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sustainable development information to research going green!
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1991 Jul 24 |
Isaac Bashevis Singer (87), Nobel Prize-winning author (1978), died in Miami. In 2006 Florence Noiville authored “Isaac B. Singer: A Life.” Links: USA, Nobel Prize, Writer, Florida
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1991 Jul 24 |
India’s finance minister Manmohan Singh presented a budget to parliament. Singh said “the room for maneuver, to live on borrowed money or time, does not exist anymore.” His speech marked India’s entry into global capitalism. Links: India
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1992 Jul 24 |
In Bosnia Serb prison guards at the former ceramics factory of Keraterm fired machine guns through metal doors of "Room 3" where over 200 prisoners were trapped. The carnage continued for hours. In 2001 Dusko Sikirica (camp commander), Dragan Kolundzija and Damir Dosen were tried at the Hague for their roles in the slaughter. Sikirica was sentenced to 15 years in prison. Dosen and Kolundzija received 5 and 3 year sentences. Links: Bosnia, Serbia
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1992 Jul 24 |
Members of POW-MIA families disrupted a speech by President Bush, prompting Bush to snap, "Would you please shut up and sit down?" Links: USA, BushHW
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1993 Jul 24 |
US House Ways and Means Chairman Dan Rostenkowski denied allegations he'd received embezzled funds, saying he had engaged in "no illegal or unethical conduct." Links: USA, Govm’t Scandal
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1993 Jul 24 |
The Russian government announced it would invalidate billions of pre-1993 rubles. Links: Russia, Money
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1994 Jul 24 |
Miguel Indurain won his fourth consecutive Tour de France victory. Links: France, Bicycle
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1994 Jul 24 |
S.F. Bailey walked from the village of Mokwam in the Arfak Mountains of the Vogelkop (Bird’s Head) Peninsula in Irian Jaya, Indonesia, to observe the courtship performance of Bower bird number 4, Amblyornis inornatus. Links: Indonesia, Sex, Birds
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1994 Jul 24 |
Rwandan refugees began trickling home after Zaire reopened the border between the two countries; meanwhile, the first wave of a U.S. airlift arrived. Links: USA, Rwanda, CongoDRC
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1995 Jul 24 |
A Palestinian suicide bomber blew up a crowded commuter bus in Tel Aviv and killed six Israelis and wounded 28. Hamas took responsibility. Links: Israel, Palestine, Suicide
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1996 Jul 24 |
Two bombs blamed on Tamil separatists ripped through a commuter train near Colombo, Sri Lanka, killing 64 civilians and wounding more than 400. Links: Sri Lanka
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1996 Jul 24 |
it was reported that 3 prisoners in Turkey have died during a hunger strike by 1,900 inmates in 33 prisons. The protests were for government transfers of prisoners to remote locations and cancellation of visiting rights for political prisoners. Links: Turkey
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1997 Jul 24 |
William J. Brennan (91), retired Supreme Court Justice (1956-1990), died in Arlington, Va. Links: USA, Virginia, Supreme Court
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1997 Jul 24 |
Pres. Clinton held a White House symposium on global warming. Links: USA, Environment, ClintonB
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1997 Jul 24 |
A Dallas jury awarded $120 million in damages against the local Roman Catholic diocese that ignored evidence that the priest, Rudolph Kos, sexually abused a number of altar boys from 1977-1992. Kos was suspended in 1992. Kos pleaded guilty to 3 sex abuse charges in 1998. Links: Texas, Clergy Sex
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