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Renaissance
Renaissance
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1200 1600 |
The economy of Florence during this period was later covered by Richard A. Goldthwaite in his book “The Economy of Renaissance Florence.” Links: Florence, Renaissance 
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1300 Jan 1 |
A Jubilee Year, the symbolic moment for Dante's Divine Comedy. It marked the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Renaissance. Pope Boniface VIII had issued a Papal Bull that declared a Rome Holy Year, "Giubileo." The event was such a success that papal gendarmes had to execute several dozen people to bring the crowds under control. Pope Bonifacius VIII introduced Jubilee indulgences. Links: Vatican, Renaissance
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1337 Jan 8 |
Giotto (b.c.1267), Italian artist, died. His frescoes showed a new realism and vitality. Art historians later held that the Renaissance dawned in Florence with Giotto's paintings. He cracked the formal stylization of Byzantine painting and reinvented the ancient art of creating depth on a flat surface. In 2000 art historians found evidence that Pietro Cavallini re-introduced depth in his paintings in Rome around 1190. Links: Artist, Italy, Renaissance
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1455 Mar 18 |
Fra Angelico, Italian monk and Renaissance painter born around 1387 as Guido di Pietro, died. Fra Angelico gained a reputation as a painter under that name before joining the Dominicans in the 1420s. However, much of the influence found in his work is thought to come from Dominican teachings. He stayed at Dominican monasteries in Florence for most of his life doing a variety of religious painting until being called to Rome in 1445 by Pope Eugene IV, where he completed several chapel frescoes. Returning to Florence in the early 1450s, he died on a return visit to Rome in 1455 and is entombed at the church of Santa Maria della Minerva. In 1984 Fra Angelico was beatified by Pope John Paul II. Links: Artist, Italy, Renaissance
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1497 |
Robert Fayrfax (1464-1521), English royal composer, wrote one of 2 Magnificats that survived to modern times. He was considered the most prominent and influential composer during of the reigns of Kings Henry VII and Henry VIII of England. Links: Britain, Classical Music, Renaissance
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1527 |
Spanish mercenaries paid by Charles V sacked Rome and left 4,000 dead. Some see this event as marking the close of the Renaissance. Links: Vatican, Renaissance
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1541 Sep 24 |
Philippus Aureolus Paracelsus (b.1493), Swiss alchemist, physician and theologian, died. The 1835 poem "Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim" by Robert Browning was based on the life of Paracelsus. In 2006 Philip Ball authored ”The Devil’s Doctor: Paracelsus and the Renaissance World of Magic and Science.” Links: Switzerland, Medical, Biography, Renaissance
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1560 |
Nicolas Gombert (b.~1495), Flemish composer, died about this time. He was one of the most famous and influential composers between Josquin Desprez and Palestrina, and best represents the fully-developed, complex polyphonic style of this period in music history. Links: Flanders, Composer, Renaissance
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1566 |
Gerolamo Bassano (d.1621), Italian artist, was born. His work included “The Sepulchre.” It was based on a larger altarpiece painted in 1574 by his father Jacopo Bassano and Francesco Bassano. In 2006 the Washington County Museum of Fine Arts in Maryland commissioned an x-ray of the work and found that it hid a portrait of a man in Renaissance clothing. Links: Artist, Italy, Renaissance
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1572 Nov 23 |
Agnolo di Cosimo (b.1503), Italian Renaissance painter and poet (aka Bronzino), died. He had worked as the court artist to Cosimo de’ Medici, Duke of Florence. His work included a portrait of "Eleonora of Toledo and her son." Links: Artist, Italy, Florence, Renaissance
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1585 |
Luca Cambiaso (b.1527), Genovese Renaissance painter, died in San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Spain, where he was working under commission for King Phillip II. Links: Artist, Italy, Spain, Renaissance
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1589 Jan 5 |
Catherine de Medici (b.1519), Queen Mother of France, died at age 69. In 2005 Leonie Frieda authored “Catherine de Medici: Renaissance Queen of France.” Links: France, Biography, Renaissance
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1594 Jun 14 |
Orlando di Lasso (b.~1532), Franco-Flemish composer, died in Munich. He was the most famous and influential musician in Europe at the end of the 16th century. Along with Palestrina (of the Roman School), he is considered to be the chief representative of the mature polyphonic style of the Franco-Flemish School. Links: Germany, Flanders, Composer, Renaissance
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1620 |
Thomas Tompkins (1572-1656), English royal composer, wrote his madrigal “When David Heard.” Links: Britain, Classical Music, Renaissance
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1631 Jul 19 |
Cesare Cremonini (b.1550), Italian philosopher and lecturer at Padua Univ., died. His skepticism influenced the culture of the late Renaissance. In 2007 Edward Muir authored “The Culture Wars of the Late Renaissance.” Links: Italy, Renaissance
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1650 1700 |
This period marks the approximate end of the Renaissance and the beginning of the Age of Revolution. In 2006 Theodore K. Rabb authored “The Last Days of the Ranaissance.” Links: Renaissance
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1657 |
Venice re-admitted the Jesuits ushering in a period of cultural conservatism that marked the end of the “Renaissance project.” Links: Italy, Vatican, Venice, Renaissance
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