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Uighur
Uighur
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700 BC |
Marijuana was put into the grave of a Caucasian shaman of the Gushi culture in the Yanghai Tombs in the Uighur autonomous region of China. Links: China, HistoryBC, Uighur 
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1788 May 24 |
Xiang Fei (b.1734), a figure in Chinese legend who was taken as a consort by the Qianlong Emperor of the Qing dynasty, died. Uighur legend has the "fragrant concubine" hated the advances of the emperor and died of poisoning. Links: China, Uighur
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1933 Nov 12 |
In the Kashgar region Uyghur separatists declared the short-lived and self-proclaimed East Turkestan Republic (ETR), using the term "East Turkestan" to emphasize the state's break from China and new anti-China orientation. East Turkestan referred to the Tarim Basin in the southwestern part of Xinjiang province of the Qing Dynasty. Links: China, Uighur
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1945 Jan 5 |
Uighur rebels in China’s southwest Xinjiang declared the Eastern Turkestan Republic. The republic ended in 1949 when Chinese Communists came to power. In 1949 the Russians told the Uighurs to cooperate with Mao. Links: Russia, China, Uighur
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1949 |
Rebels in parts of Xinjiang, a region of Turkic Muslims (Uighurs), set up an independent republic, but it was quickly snuffed out by China’s Communist Party. By 2014 Han Chinese made up more than 40% of the province’s 22 million people. Links: China, Uighur
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1954 |
In China the bingtuan was founded in Xinjiang province. It consisted mainly of demobilized Han soldiers who were ordered to turn desert areas into farmland while keeping their guns to fend off potential Soviet incursions. Mao Zedong abolished the corps in 1975. Deng Xiaoping re-established it in 1981 as the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (XPCC). In 2020 the US hit the XPCC with sanctions alleging forced labor and other human rights abuses in the production of a panoply of goods. Links: China, Labor, Uighur
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1990 |
In China the local bingtuan militia put down an uprising by Uighurs near Kashgar, Xinjiang province, leaving 50 Uighurs dead. Links: China, Uighur
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1995 Oct 19 |
Firefighters in western China extinguished a 100 year old blaze in an untapped coal deposit and saved 5.5 mil. tons of coal reserves in the Baiyanghe mine in the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region. The fire had consumed 300,000 tons of coal a year. Links: China, Fire, Uighur
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1995 Dec 17 |
Isa Yusuf Alptekin (b.1901), exiled Uighur head of the Islamic Republic of East Turkestan (Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China), died in Turkey. Links: China, Uighur
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1995 |
Firefighters in western China extinguish a 100 year old blaze in an untapped coal deposit and save 5.5 mil. tons of coal reserves in the Baiyanghe mine in the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region. The fire had consumed 300,000 tons of coal a year. Links: China, Uighur
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1999 |
In China Rebiya Kadeer, a prominent Uighur businesswomen in Xinjiang, was detained and sentenced to 8 years in prison on charges of endangering state security. She was allowed to leave for the United States in 2005. Links: China, Uighur
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2000 Mar 10 2000 Mar 11 |
Public sentencing rallies took place in the Aksu region of Xinjiang and 11 Muslim Uighur members of a terrorist group were executed. The Uighurs of the region made up nearly half of Xinjiang’s 20 million population and had been struggling against Chinese rule for several years. Links: China, Uighur
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2007 |
Rebiya Kadeer, prominent Uighur exile, authored her memoir “Dragon Fighter: One Woman’s Epic Struggle for Peace with China.” The original German publication was made available in English in 2009. Links: China, Books, Biography, Uighur
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2008 Mar 23 |
China attacked House Speaker Nancy Pelosi for her recent meeting with the Dalai Lama, accusing her and other "human rights police" of double standards and ignoring the truth about the unrest in Tibet. Han residents said some 500 Uighurs protested in Khotan in the northwestern Xinjiang region. A bombing targeted a government building in the town of Gyanbe. Chinese authorities later arrested 9 monks for the bombing. Links: USA, China, Tibet, Uighur
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2008 Apr 3 |
A group of about 200 Uighur Muslims demonstrated against China before the Olympic torch ceremony near Istanbul's Blue Mosque, one of Turkey's most famous tourist destinations. Links: Turkey, China, Olympics, Uighur
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2008 Apr 10 |
In China a police spokesman said authorities have detained 45 East Turkestan "terrorist" suspects (Uighurs), and foiled plots to carry out suicide bomb attacks and kidnap athletes to disrupt the Beijing Olympics. Links: China, Uighur
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2008 Jun 20 |
The US Federal Appeals Court in Washington, DC, ruled that Huzaifa Parhat, an ethnic Chinese Uighur captured in the early stage of the US war in Afghanistan, was inappropriately designated an enemy combatant. Links: USA, Uighur
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2008 Jul 9 |
China convicted and then executed two ethnic Uighur men and imprisoned another 15 for alleged terrorist links in the western region of Xinjiang. Links: China, Uighur
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2008 Aug 4 |
In western China 2 Uighur men rammed a truck into a clutch of jogging policemen and tossed explosives, killing 17 officers, in an attack in Kashgar, Xinjiang province, just days before the Beijing Olympics. The 2 men were sentenced to death on Dec 17. Links: China, Uighur, Terrorism
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2008 Aug 8 |
In Turkey Mehmet Dursun Uygurturkoglu (35) doused himself with gasoline and set himself alight during a protest by ethnic Uighurs outside the Chinese Embassy. Other demonstrators jumped on the man and quickly extinguished the flames with a blanket. Links: Turkey, China, Fire, Uighur
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2008 Aug 29 |
Chinese police investigating a spate of attacks this month in western Xinjiang province shot dead six suspects and arrested three others near Kashgar. Links: China, Uighur
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2009 Jun 10 |
Palau agreed to accept 17 Chinese Muslims who have languished in legal limbo at Guantanamo Bay. President Johnson Toribiong said the decision of Palau, one of a handful of countries that does not recognize China and maintains diplomatic relations with Taiwan, was "a humanitarian gesture" intended to help the detainees restart their lives. Links: USA, Gitmo, Palau, Uighur
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2009 Jun 11 |
Four Guantanamo detainees, Uighurs from predominantly Muslim western China, were transferred to Bermuda, marking an unexpected new chapter in their odyssey. Links: USA, Gitmo, Bermuda, Uighur
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2009 Jun 26 |
Dozens of China's most prominent writers and scholars called for the release of Liu Xiaobo (53), a dissident who was arrested on Dec 8, 2008, after co-authoring a bold manifesto urging civil rights and political reforms. Xiaobo, who had been held by police at a secret location for more than six months, was formally arrested this week on suspicion of "inciting to subvert state power," a charge that carries a maximum sentence of 15 years in jail. In southern China ethnic tensions between workers at a toy factory sparked a brawl that left two Uighurs dead and 118 injured. Han Chinese workers had accused Uighurs of rape. Links: China, Uighur
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2009 Jul 5 |
In China’s far west protesters from a Muslim ethnic group clashed with police, with activists saying police fired shots in the air and used batons to disperse a crowd that had swelled to nearly 1,000. Over the next few days some 192 people were killed and over 800 wounded in protests that roiled Urumqi, the capital of western Xinjiang province. State media said at least 20 people have died and more than 670,000 had to be evacuated in China after torrential rain and floods destroyed houses, damaged roads and caused rivers to overflow. Links: China, Mad Crowd, Uighur
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2009 Jul 8 |
In China hundreds of helmeted troops in riot gear swarmed the central square of Urumqi, capital of western Xinjiang, after ethnic riots left some 192 dead. The city's Communist Party boss promised those behind the killings would be executed. On July 11 China said 137 of the riot victims were Han while 46 were Uighurs and one was a Hui, another Muslim group. Uighurs on the streets of Urumqi, and from exile activist groups disputed the new figures. Links: China, Mad Crowd, Uighur
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2009 Jul 19 |
In Kazakhstan more than 5,000 ethnic Uighurs rallied in Almaty to protest China's use of deadly force to quash Uighur protests this month. Links: Kazakhstan, Uighur
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2009 Jul |
Chinese authorities, following riots in Xinjiang province, put the province under electronic lockdown for the next 10 months. Clashes between Uighurs and Hans left some 200 people dead in Urumqi. Links: China, Internet, Uighur
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2009 Aug 4 |
China’s state media reported that police have formally arrested 83 people on charges including murder and arson in connection with last month's deadly rioting in the western region of Xinjiang. Links: China, Uighur
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2009 Sep 9 |
Lawyers said 3 Chinese Muslims detained at Guantanamo Bay formally accepted an offer to take up new lives in the Pacific island nation of Palau and could be moved there as early as next month. Links: China, Gitmo, Palau, Uighur
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2009 Sep 11 |
Chinese officials said mystery needle attacks appeared to spread in China's far western region as authorities arrested nine new suspects in three cities. Since last week, more than 500 people in Urumqi have reported attacks, though only about 100 showed evidence of being pricked. Links: China, Uighur
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2009 Sep 25 |
Authorities in China's restive northwestern Xinjiang region charged 21 suspects over deadly July unrest, the first reported criminal charges to emerge from the violence. Links: China, Uighur
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2009 Oct 10 |
A Chinese court sentenced a man to death for his role in the June 26 toy factory brawl that sparked riots in western Xinjiang region that left almost 200 dead. Xinhua News said Xiao Jianhua was given death and Xu Qiqi was given life in prison on charges of intentionally harming others. Their names suggest they are members of the Han majority. Links: China, Uighur
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2009 Oct 15 |
A Chinese court handed out a further three death sentences to people convicted of violent crimes during ethnic rioting in far western Xinjiang region in July in which almost 200 people died. The court also sentenced three defendants to suspended death sentences, which could be commuted to life sentences in two years. At least two of those sentenced were Han Chinese. The others all appeared to be Uighurs. Links: China, Uighur
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2009 Nov 1 |
In Palau 6 Chinese Muslims, ethnic Uighers, newly released from Guantanamo Bay, traded life behind bars for rooms with ocean view in the tiny Pacific nation, which agreed to a US request to resettle them. Links: USA, Gitmo, Palau, Uighur
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2009 Nov 9 |
China said it had put to death nine people over deadly ethnic unrest in its far-western Xinjiang region, the first executions since the rioting in July. Links: China, Uighur
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2009 Dec 3 |
A Chinese court handed down a further five death sentences to people convicted of murder and other crimes during ethnic rioting in the far western Xinjiang region in July in which almost 200 people died. Links: China, Uighur
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2009 Dec 4 |
China sentenced three more people to death for murder and other crimes committed in riots in the western region of Xinjiang in July. Links: China, Uighur
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2009 Dec 19 |
Cambodia sent back to China 20 Uighur Muslims who had fled China after deadly ethnic rioting and sought asylum in Cambodia, even though rights groups feared they faced persecution and possibly execution there. 2 other Uighurs who had been with the group were missing. Links: China, Cambodia, Uighur
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2009 Dec 24 |
In China the Xinjiang government said five people were convicted of "extremely serious crimes" and sentenced in separate trials on Dec 22 and Dec 23 in the regional capital of Urumqi. Links: China, Uighur
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2009 Dec 29 |
In China the government of Xinjiang, a restive Chinese Muslim region rocked recently by ethnic strife, adopted what appeared to be a sweeping law barring the spread of views deemed to threaten national unity. The law bars individuals and organizations from spreading opinions deemed not conducive to national unity and also from gathering, producing and spreading information to that effect. Links: China, Uighur
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2010 Jan 19 |
A UN report said corruption in Afghanistan is so entrenched that Afghans had to pay bribes worth nearly a quarter of the country's GDP last year. 13 Uighers and two Turks were killed by a missile fired by a US unmanned aircraft near the Pakistan border. Links: UN, Afghan, Corruption, Uighur
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2010 Jan 25 |
In China the Intermediate People's Court in Urumqi sentenced four more people to death for involvement in rioting last year in the restive far-western region of Xinjiang, the country's worst ethnic violence in decades. Another person was sentenced to death with a two-year reprieve, a penalty usually commuted to life in prison, while eight others were given sentences of up to life imprisonment. Links: China, Uighur
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2010 Mar |
The Laotian government arrested an Uighur family: Memet Eli Rozi, his wife Gulbahar Sadiq, and their five children. They were later deported back to China. Links: China, Laos, Uighur
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2010 Apr |
Uighur journalist Memetjan Abdulla (33), who worked for an official Chinese radio service, was sentenced to life imprisonment for transmitting information about the 2009 ethnic riots in western China. Links: China, Journalism, Uighur
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2010 Jul 23 |
A Chinese court sentenced a Uighur journalist to 15 years in jail for critical writings and comments he made to foreign media after last year's deadly ethnic riots in China's western Xinjiang region. Halaite Niyaze was found guilty of "endangering national security" and sentenced following a one-day trial in Urumqi. Links: China, Journalism, Uighur
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2011 Feb 23 |
In China Xinjiang-based wlmqwb.com website reported that the country’s highest court has approved the executions of four men convicted in a series of murders in the restive western region of Xinjiang described as acts of "terrorist violence." The four were accused of killing 9 people in 3 separate incidents between August and November of last year. Links: China, Uighur
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2011 Mar 23 |
A Chinese state-run news website said 7 people, allegedly involved in plotting terrorist activities, have been sentenced to death for robbery and murder in China's far western region of Xinjiang. The report said the 7 were among a dozen people who met and raised funds between June 2008 and October 2010 to carry out "violent, terrorist" activities. Links: China, Uighur
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2011 Apr 8 |
German federal prosecutors announced the espionage charges against the 64-year-old, identified only as L. in line with German privacy laws. Prosecutors allege that L. passed information on Munich's Uighur community to Chinese intelligence between April 2008 and October 2009. They said a week ago that they were pressing similar charges against a Chinese national of Uighur origin. Links: Germany, Espionage, Uighur
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2011 Jul 18 |
In China 14 separatist rioters, 2 policemen and 2 civilian hostages, were killed in an attack on a police station in Khotan, in the far western Xinjiang region. The violence erupted when a large group of Uighurs tried to protest in Hotan, an oasis town of more than 115,000 people. The planned siege ended with 14 of the 18 attackers dead. Links: China, Uighur
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2011 Jul 31 |
Chinese police shot dead 5 terrorist suspects and 6 civilians in Xinjiang province, bringing to 18 the death toll in weekend violence in the troubled ethnic region. This followed a day of clashes in Kashgar that killed 7 people and injured 22. Minority Uighurs have been blamed for previous violence in the region. Links: China, Uighur
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2011 Aug 1 |
Chinese authorities shot dead two Uighur men suspected of fomenting deadly ethnic unrest in Kashgar and vowed a further crackdown on "religious extremists." The deaths bring to 21 the number of people reported killed in Kashgar since the weekend. China blamed Islamic radicals trained in Pakistan for the attacks. Many of Xinjiang's roughly nine million Turkic-speaking Uighurs are unhappy with what they say has been decades of political and religious repression, and the unwanted immigration of the Han, China's dominant ethnic group. Links: China, Uighur
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2011 Sep 13 |
China held trials in Kashgar and Hotan and convicted 6 Uighur men of being behind the summer bloodshed in the Xinjiang region that left dozens. 4 men were sentenced to death and 2 were given 19-year prison sentences. Links: China, Uighur
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2011 Dec 28 |
In China police in Xinjiang province opened fire and killed seven suspects, and wounded and arrested four others. The Xinjiang government said that a "violent terrorist group" had kidnapped two people in the northwestern region's remote Pishan county, prompting a stand-off with police. An exile group, described the incident as a protest by local Uighurs prompted by mounting discontent over a police crackdown and religious repression in the area. Links: China, Uighur
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2011 |
In China the city of Yining became the first part of Xinjiang province to ban the wearing of face-covering veils in public. Links: China, Fashion, Uighur
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2012 Apr 19 |
The US military said 2 ethnic Uighur men from western China, held for almost a decade without charge at Guantanamo Bay, have been resettled in El Salvador. Links: El Salvador, USA, China, Gitmo, Uighur
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2012 Jun 6 |
In China 12 children were hurt in a clash at an Islamic school in the restive Xinjiang region, amid an escalating crackdown on "illegal" religious activities. The exiled World Uyghur Congress (WUC) group disputed the government version of events, citing sources on the ground as saying police tossed tear gas into the school. Links: China, Uighur
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2012 Jun 29 |
In China Passengers and crew foiled an alleged hijacking attempt by six people on a plane in the far-western Xinjiang region. Local sources said that the plane turned back after Uighurs and Hans began fighting after a disagreement over seat assignments. Links: China, Aviation, Uighur
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2012 Aug 1 |
It was reported that authorities in China's restive northwestern region of Xinjiang have banned Muslim officials and students from fasting during Ramadan, prompting an exiled rights group to warn of new violence. Links: China, Uighur
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2012 Aug 2 |
Chinese state media said courts in the restive Xinjiang region with a large Muslim population have jailed 20 people for up to 15 years for using the Internet to incite separatism and "holy war." Links: China, Uighur
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