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Maya
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300 BC 200 BC |
In 2006 archaeologists at the San Bartolo site in Guatemala dated Mayan hieroglyphs painted on plaster and stone to this period. Links: Guatemala, Maya 
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150 BC |
In 2005 archaeologists at the San Bartolo site in Guatemala led by Guatemalan Monica Pellecer Alecio found the oldest known Maya royal burial, from around 150 BC. Excavating beneath a small pyramid, that team found a burial complex that included ceramic vessels and the bones of a man, with a jade plaque, the symbol of Maya royalty, on his chest. Links: Guatemala, Maya, HistoryBC
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100 BC |
In 2005 archaeologist William Saturno said he was awe-struck when he uncovered a Maya mural not seen for nearly two millennia. Discovered at the San Bartolo site in Guatemala, the mural covers the west wall of a room attached to a pyramid. Links: Guatemala, Maya, HistoryBC
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200 300 |
Campeche (Mexico), from the 3rd century, was the principal town of the Maya kingdom of Ah Kin Pech (place of serpents and ticks). Links: Mexico, Maya
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300 |
Mayans began building on Cozumel Island off Mexico’s Yucatan peninsula about this time. The town of San Gervasio was built and inhabited through 1650. Cozumel covers 189 square miles, about the size of Lake Tahoe. Links: Mexico, Maya
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544 |
In northern Guatemala a Mayan altar dated to this year depicts La Corona ruler Chak Took Ich'aak conjuring two local gods from a shaft in the form of a double-headed snake. In 2017 the altar was found encased in the roots of a tree in a collapsed temple. Archaeologists said the altar suggests the Mayan dynasty of Kaanul, known as the Snake Kings, acted like its namesake in slowly squeezing the rival kingdom of Tikal. Links: Guatemala, Maya
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600 700 |
Lady K'abel, considered the greatest ruler of the Mayan Late Classic period, ruled with her husband, K'inich Bahlam, for at least 20 years in the 7th century. She was the military governor of the Waka kingdom for her family, the imperial house of the Snake King, and she carried the title "Kaloomte" — translated as "Supreme Warrior," higher in authority than her husband, the king. In 2012 her tomb was discovered in northern Guatemala. Links: Guatemala, Maya
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600 900 |
In 2022 archaeologists uncovered the ruins of an ancient Mayan city, occupied during this time, filled with palaces, pyramids and plazas on a construction site of what will become an industrial park near Merida, on Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula. Links: Mexico, Maya
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688 714 |
The Maya of Tonina and Palenque fought several battles over watershed areas in the region that fed the Usumacinta river, which now marks the boundary between Mexico and Guatemala. Links: Mexico, Maya
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692 Oct 2 |
A Mayan prisoner from Copan, depicted in a well-preserved stone sculpture found in 2011, was captured on this day. Links: Mexico, Maya
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696 Jun 27 |
A Mayan ballcourt at Tonina was dedicated and sculptures, found in 2011, were created to commemorate the dedication. Links: Mexico, Maya
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800 |
About this time unidentified conquerors destroyed the Mayan palace at Cancuen (Guatemala) and killed the members of the court. Archeologists in 2005 reported that King Maax, son of Taj Chan Ahk, was found buried in full regalia. Links: Guatemala, Maya
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800 900 |
The Mayan site of Xultun (Guatemala) dated to about this time. It was discovered in 1912. In 2010 paintings were discovered at the site dating to this period. Figures were captioned as "Older Brother Obsidian," or "Senior Obsidian," and "Younger Brother Obsidian," or perhaps "Junior Obsidian." Links: Guatemala, Calendar, Maya
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1519 Mar 27 |
A truce was arranged with Cortes when Mayan caciques brought food and gold as well as 20 female slaves. Among these was a young woman from Jalisco named Marina, who had been stolen from a noble family when small and sold into slavery, where she learned the language of Yucatán. As a bilingual translator from Aztec to Mayan, Marina played a major role in the eventual conquest of Tenochtitlán. Links: Spain, Mexico, Maya
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1533 |
Spaniards arrived at Zaci, the capital of the Cupul Maya, in Mexico’s Yucatan peninsula and were pushed out. Links: Spain, Mexico, Maya
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1546 |
A coalition of eastern Maya laid siege to Valladolid, in Mexico’s Yucatan peninsula. Spanish conquistadores brutally crushed a major Mayan rebellion in New Spain. Links: Spain, Mexico, Maya
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1561 |
A great hurricane ravaged Mexico’s Yucatan peninsula. Links: Mexico, Maya, Hurricane
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1562 Aug 8 |
Diego Te, a Maya man in the Yucatec town of Sotuta, testified that a year earlier he had witnessed a village leader and another man cut the hearts from 2 boys and hand them to a shaman, who rubbed the hearts onto the mouths of two Maya idols. The account was preserved in the Archivo General de Indias in Seville, Spain. Links: Spain, Mexico, Maya, Religion
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1562 |
In the Yucatan a campaign to root out idolatry ended with the destruction of thousands of ritual objects and most of the Maya books in existence. The campaign was led by Franciscan leader Diego de Landa, who was later tried in Spain for his excessive behavior and acquitted. He recorded the oral traditions of the Maya in “An Account of the Things of the Yucatan” before returning there in 1573 as Bishop of Yucatan. Links: Spain, Mexico, Maya, Religion
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1847 1901 |
The Caste War of Yucatan extended over this period. it began with the revolt of the native Maya people against the population of European descent (called Yucatecos) in political and economic control. In 2017 the wreck of paddle-wheel steamboat "La Union," which had carried Mayan people during this period into virtual slavery to Cuba, was found. Links: Mexico, Ship, Maya
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1943 |
The Lacandon people of southern Mexico went almost extinct. By 2019 their population had grown significantly, yet remains small, at approximately 650 speakers of the Lacandon language. Their ancestral home in Chiapas state is the last pocket of tropical rain forest in North America. Links: Mexico, Maya
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1976 Feb 4 |
A 7.9 earthquake hit Guatemala and Honduras. Some 23,000 Guatemalans, mostly Mayan Indians, were killed. It destroyed 58,000 houses in the capital and 300 villages. Links: Guatemala, Honduras, Earthquake, Maya
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1977 |
Prof. Gordon Willey (1913-2002) authored "The Origins of Maya Civilization." Links: USA, Maya, Books
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1983 |
Rigoberta Menchu, Guatemalan-born Mayan Indian and human rights activist, authored her book "I, Rigoberta Menchu." In 1992 she won the Nobel peace Prize. In 1998 David Stoll, a US anthropologist, authored "Rigoberta Menchu and the Story of All Poor Guatemalans." He asserted a number of inaccuracies in Menchu’s original book. Links: Guatemala, Maya, Books, Biography
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1990 Sep 11 |
In Guatemala City sociologist Myrna Mack was stabbed 27 times to death. Gen’l. Edgar Augusto Godoy and Colonels Juan Valencia Osorio and Juan Guillermo Oliva ordered Noel de Jesus Beteta, a soldier, to kill Mack. Beteta later received a 30 year sentence for the crime. The officers in 1997 sought amnesty under a new treaty. Myrna Mack was an anthropologist working on the ecological effects of the nation’s refugee policies and the genocide of Maya Indians. The officers were ordered to stand trial in 1999. In 2002 Beteta recanted his confession. In 2003 an appeals court freed Col. Juan Valencia. Links: Guatemala, Murder, Maya
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1992 |
Michael D. Coe wrote "Breaking the Maya Code." Links: Maya, Books
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1994 Jan |
In Mexico poor Maya farmers staged an uprising at the Lancandon rain forest near Palenque. Links: Mexico, Maya
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1996 Jun 13 |
Guatemala ratified a UN pact on tribal peoples. The pact calls for respect of its indigenous people, the Mayans, and consultation with them on decisions affecting their economic and social development. Links: Guatemala, UN, Maya
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1996 Jul 20 |
A new sculpture museum was scheduled to open in Copan National Park, Honduras, with exhibits of Mayan work. Links: Honduras, Maya, Museum
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1997 |
A large Mayan site was discovered at the Rio San Pedro Martir drainage in the Peten region of northern Guatemala. Links: Guatemala, Maya
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1999 Feb 25 |
A 100-page summary of a 3,600 page report by the UN mandated Historical Clarification Committee was released. It indicated that the US government and US corporations played a key role in maintaining the right-wing military governments during most of the 36 years of civil war in Guatemala. The report documented a genocide against Mayan Indians with a death toll of some 200,000. The Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity (UNRG) was responsible for 3% of the atrocities. The Guatemalan Army was blamed for 93% of the human rights abuses. Links: Guatemala, USA, UN, Maya
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2002 May 21 |
It was reported that scientists in Guatemala had found the source of jade deposits used by the Olmecs and Mayans. Links: Guatemala, Maya, Olmec
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2004 Dec 10 |
President Oscar Berger said Guatemalan academics will create a university dedicated to rescuing and developing the ancient knowledge of the country's Mayan cultures. Links: Guatemala, Maya
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2005 Mar 31 |
A UNESCO team arrived in Guatemala to push forward the candidature process of El Mirador archaeological site as a World Heritage Site. In the spring Pres. Oscar Berger repealed a 2002 decree by Pres. Alfonso Portillo declaring the Mayan site of El Mirador a protected area. Links: Guatemala, Maya
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2006 Apr |
Archeologists unearthed a major Maya Indian royal burial site in the Guatemalan jungle, discovering jade jewelry and a jaguar pelt from more than 1,500 years ago. The tomb, found by archeologist Hector Escobedo contained a king of the El Peru Waka city. Links: Guatemala, Maya
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2007 Aug 23 |
The remnants of Hurricane Dean dumped heavy rain across central Mexico, drenching mudslide-prone mountains as it pushed its way inland after slamming into the nation's Gulf Coast as a Category 2 storm. Thousands of Mayan Indians lost homes as Hurricane Dean blew through the Yucatan peninsula, but their real wealth was the trees, now scattered and broken in the storm's wake. Village after village is carpeted with fallen mangoes, oranges, guanabanas and mameys that will never be harvested. Across Mexico at least 10 people died from the storm. Links: Mexico, Maya, Hurricane
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2009 Dec 21 |
In Mexico construction began on the Palace of the Maya Civilization Museum in Yucatan state. Links: Mexico, Maya, Museum
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2012 Oct 5 |
Mexican archaeologists said they uncovered the largest number of skulls ever found in one offering at Mexico City's Templo Mayor, the most sacred temple of the Aztec empire dating back more than 500 years. Links: Mexico, Maya
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2012 Dec 21 |
Dawn broke over ancient holy sites in southern Mexico to celebrations, ushering in the start of a new era for the Maya people that had been billed as a possible end of the world. Links: Mexico, Maya
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2013 May 13 |
Belize authorities said a construction company has essentially destroyed the Nohmul complex, one of the country’s largest Mayan pyramids, with backhoes and bulldozers to extract crushed rock for a road-building project. The ceremonial center dated back at least 2,300 years. Links: Belize, Maya, Archeology
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2020 Oct 16 |
It was reported that experts in Mexico this week have detected more than 2,000 pre-Hispanic ruins or clusters of artifacts along the proposed route of the controversial "Maya Train" project on the Yucatan peninsula. Links: Mexico, Maya
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2022 May 27 |
It was reported that archaeologists have uncovered the ruins of an ancient Mayan city filled with palaces, pyramids and plazas on a construction site of what will become an industrial park near Merida, on Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula. They estimated the city to have been occupied from 600-900 AD. Links: Mexico, Maya, Archeology
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