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Cambodia
Cambodia
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200 700 |
Era of the kingdom of Funan at Angkor Borei (Cambodia). In 1997 excavations were proceeding on what might have been the capital. Links: Cambodia 
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611 |
At Angkor Borei (Cambodia) the earliest known Khmer inscriptions date to this time. Links: Cambodia
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800 900 |
The first Khmer or king, know as Kambu, founded Kambujadesa, which means the Sons of Kambu or Kambuja for short. Construction of the city and temple complex known as Angkor Wat was begun. It would be the largest temple in the world. Links: Cambodia
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802 |
Jayavarman II proclaimed himself a "universal monarch" in a ritual that united religion and politics (Cambodia) and gave rise to the cult of the Devaraja (deified king). Links: Cambodia
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889 1324 |
The Khmer Empire‘s dominions roughly correspond to present-day Laos and Cambodia, and reached its height during the Angkor period (889-1434 AD). The kingdom flourished from the 6th to 15th centuries AD and then declined with invasions from neighboring Thailand. Links: Cambodia, Laos
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1000 1400 |
Angkor Thom, capital of the Khmer empire, reached its apogee during this period. It included the religious monument of Angkor Wat. Links: Cambodia
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1100 1200 |
The Khmer empire reached its peak under King Jajavarman II in the 12th century. Links: Cambodia
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1150 |
Suryavarman II, Khmer ruler (Cambodia), died about this time. He commissioned the building of Angkor Wat, possibly the largest religious monument in the world. He traded elephant tusks, rhinoceros horns and kingfisher feathers for gold. The feathers were prized in China for bridal attire. Links: Cambodia
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1186 |
The temple monastery of Ta Prohm at Angkor (Cambodia) was consecrated. Inscriptions say that 79,365 servants were required to for its upkeep. It was paid by funds from over 3,000 villages. Links: Cambodia
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1191 |
Preah Khan (Cambodia) was dedicated on what is thought to be the site where the Khmer defeated their eastern neighbors the Cham. The central temple was dedicated by Jayavarman VII to his father, King Dharanindravavarman II, in the name of Lokesvara, a god who embodies the compassionate qualities of the Buddha. The temple covers 140 acres. Links: Cambodia
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1415 1439 |
The city of Angkor Wat (Cambodia) went into rapid decline as a period of severe drought extended over South East Asia. Links: Cambodia, Drought
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1431 |
Thai armies invaded and plundered the Khmer civilization at Angkor Thom (Cambodia). The court moved south of the great lake Tonle Sap and later to Phnom Penh. Links: Cambodia
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1596 |
The first documented official contact between the Cambogee and the West took place. The king of Angkor, Barom Reachea, in fear of attack sent to the Spanish governor general at Manila a request for the assistance of his musket-armed soldiers. The Spanish governor complied and sent a small expedition to the king of Angkor (Cambodia). Links: Cambodia
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1598 |
The Spanish governor of Manila sent a 2nd small expedition to the king of Angkor in what is now Cambodia. Links: Cambodia
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1598 |
A party of Iberian conquistadors overthrew the Cambodian king and set themselves up as governors in the Mekong delta. Links: Vietnam, Cambodia
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1614 |
Portuguese writer Diego do Couto wrote of a king in Cambodia who discovered an abandoned city during an elephant hunt in the middle of the 16th century. The report did not get published until 1958. Links: Cambodia
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1641 |
Gerritt van Wuysthoff, a Dutchman, struggled up the Mekong River through Cambodia and reached Vientiane, Laos. Links: Cambodia
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1863 Jul |
The European public first learned of Angkor (Cambodia) from the posthumously published journal of French naturalist Henri Mouhot. Links: Cambodia
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1866 |
French colonial officials sent an expedition to explore the Mekong River (Cambodia) and check its commercial potential. Links: Vietnam, Cambodia
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1872 |
Frank Vincent Jr., an American adventurer, journeyed from Bangkok to Angkor Wat (Cambodia). The 175 mile trip took 17 days to traverse. Links: Cambodia
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1893 |
French colonialists seized control of Laos and tried to turn the Mekong River into a thoroughfare linking their Indochina colonies. Links: Vietnam, Cambodia
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1907 |
Explorations under Louis Deleporte and the French School of the Far East began at the ancient city of Angkor. Found artifacts were shared between France and Cambodia. Links: Cambodia
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1908 |
In Cambodia the seaside town of Kep (Kep-sure-Mer) was founded during the French colonial era. It was all but destroyed during the civil strife of the 1970s. Links: Cambodia
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1918 |
The French established the National Museum of Cambodia in Phnom Penh to house the findings from their explorations. Links: Cambodia
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1922 Oct 31 |
Norodom Sihanouk (d.2012), 2-time king (1941-1955 and 1993-2004), president and premier of Cambodia, was born. Links: Cambodia
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1923 |
Andre Malraux was arrested, while doing archeological research in Cambodia, for dislodging 7 heads from a temple with a handsaw, a chisel and crowbar. Links: Cambodia
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1925 May 19 |
Pol Pot (d.1998), Cambodian dictator and mass murderer, was born in Prek Sbauv, Cambodia. Links: Cambodia
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1941 Aug |
The US placed an embargo on oil shipments to Japan in response to Japan’s occupation of French Indochina (later Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam). Links: USA, Japan, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos
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1941 |
The French colonialists chose Norodom Sihanouk (19) from the ranks of royalty to serve as king of Cambodia. Links: Cambodia
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1945 |
At the end of World War II Thailand was compelled to return territory it had seized from Laos, Cambodia and Malaya. The exiled King Ananda returned. Links: Malaysia, Cambodia, Thailand, Laos
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1949 52 |
Saloth Sar (aka Pol Pot of Cambodia) went to Paris on a government scholarship and became absorbed in Communist ideology. Links: Cambodia
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1950 May 21 |
Vietnamese troops of Ho Chi-Minh attacked Cambodia. Links: Vietnam, Cambodia
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1950 Dec 30 |
Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia became independent states in a French Union. Links: Vietnam, Cambodia
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1952 |
Hun Sen, later Cambodia prime minister, was born in a village northeast of Phnom Penh. Links: Cambodia
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1953 |
King Norodom Sihanouk gained independence for Cambodia from France. Pol Pot helped set up the Communist Party. Links: Cambodia
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1954 Sep 8 |
SEATO (Southeast Asia Treaty Organization), a sister organization to NATO, was created under the Manila Pact by the Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty, to stop communist spread in Southeast Asia (Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos). The United States, Australia, France, Great Britain, New Zealand, the Philippines, Pakistan, and Thailand signed the mutual defense treaty. SEATO dissolved in 1977. Links: Australia, Britain, USA, France, Pakistan, Vietnam, Philippines, Cambodia, Thailand, Laos, New Zealand
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1955 Mar 2 |
King Norodom Sihanouk of Cambodia put his father on the throne and assumed the position of prime minister. Links: Cambodia
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1960 Dec 9 |
The Laos government fled to Cambodia as the capital city of Vientiane was engulfed in war. Links: Cambodia
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1960 63 |
Prince Norodom Sihanouk repressed the Communist party and Pol Pot, general secretary of the CP, and other leaders fled to the jungle. Links: Cambodia
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1962 |
The Int’l. Court of Justice awarded the Preah Vihear temple, located on the Cambodia-Thai border, to Cambodia, but did not specify where the border should be drawn. Links: Cambodia, Thailand, ICJ
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1963 Aug 27 |
Cambodia severed ties with South Vietnam. Links: Vietnam, Cambodia
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1964 Mar 15 |
Cambodia was receiving military aid from Communist China. Links: China, Cambodia
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1966 Jan 3 |
Cambodia warned the UN of retaliation unless the U.S. and South Vietnam end intrusions. Links: Cambodia
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1967 Feb 23 |
American troops began the largest offensive of the war, near the Cambodian border. In order to deny the Vietcong cover, and allow men to see through the dense vegetation, herbicides were dumped on the forests near the South Vietnamese borders as well as Cambodia and Laos. Links: Vietnam, Cambodia
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1967 May 10 |
The Stockholm Vietnam Tribunal condemned US aggression in Vietnam and Cambodia. Links: Vietnam, Cambodia
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1967 Nov 24 |
Cambodian triple agent Inchin Lam was murdered. Special Forces Captain John J. McCarthy was accused and later tried for the murder in a court in Vietnam. Murder charges were later dropped. Links: Vietnam, Cambodia
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1967 68 |
The Khmer Rouge took up arms in support of a peasant uprising in northwest Cambodia against a government rice tax. The army ruthlessly suppressed the insurrection. Links: Cambodia
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1968 Jan 19 |
Cambodia charged that the United States and South Vietnam had crossed the border and killed three Cambodians. Links: USA, Vietnam, Cambodia
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1968 Jan 29 |
A court convened in Vietnam for the murder of Cambodian, triple agent Inchin Lam, by Special Forces Captain John J. McCarthy Jr. Murder charges were later dropped due to exculpatory evidence and proven prosecutorial fraud on the court. A civil action for $1.3 bil-lion in US Federal District Court, Washington D.C. against the CIA and associated agencies was dismissed in 2003. Links: USA, Vietnam, Cambodia
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1968 Oct 4 |
Cambodia admitted that the Viet Cong used their country for sanctuary. Links: Vietnam, Cambodia
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1968 |
Asia’s first int’l. film festival was held in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Links: Cambodia, Film
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1969 Feb 23 |
Pres. Nixon approved the bombing of Cambodia. Links: USA, Cambodia, NixonR
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1969 Apr 24 |
President Nixon ordered US and South Vietnamese troops to secretly invade the “Parrot’s Beak” region of Cambodia, thought to be a Viet Cong stronghold. Links: USA, Cambodia, NixonR
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1969 Apr 28 |
The US invasion of Cambodia took place. Congress and the press learned of the invasion on April 30. Links: USA, Cambodia, NixonR
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1969 Oct 6 |
Special Forces Captain John McCarthy was released from Fort Leavenworth Penitentiary, pending consideration of his appeal to murder charges. A 1968 court-martial had concluded that McCarthy had murdered a Cambodian peasant. Links: USA, Cambodia
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1969 1973 |
The US Air Force dropped 539,129 tons of bombs on Cambodia and killed some 700,000 people. The bombing drove rural people into the cities and caused a collapse of the agricultural system that contributed to the rise of the Khmer Rouge and a famine that was later blamed on the Khmer Rouge. Links: USA, Cambodia, Agriculture
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1970 Mar 13 |
Cambodia ordered Hanoi and Viet Cong troops to get out. Links: Vietnam, Cambodia
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1970 Mar 18 |
Prince Sihanouk was overthrown by Gen’l. Lon Nol in a right-wing coup. He joined the Khmer Rouge in a resistance war. The US and Vietnamese forces invaded and drove the Viet Cong from border sanctuaries deep into Cambodia where they joined with the weak and isolated Khmer Rouge. A full scale civil war began. The next 8 years are covered in the 1988 book "Goodnight Cambodia, Forbidden History" by Vibol Ouk, who lived through the horrors of Pol Pot. Links: Cambodia
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1970 Apr 29 |
50,000 US and South Vietnamese troops invaded Cambodia [see Apr 30]. Links: USA, Cambodia
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1970 Apr 30 |
President Nixon announced to a national TV audience that the United States was sending troops into Cambodia "to win the just peace that we desire." The action that sparked widespread protest. U.S. troops invaded Cambodia to disrupt North Vietnamese Army base areas and to attack Communist border sanctuaries. Calling the joint U.S.-South Vietnamese operation "indispensable," some 32,000 American and 48,000 South Vietnamese troops captured large caches of supplies, but most Communist forces had already been withdrawn. A storm of protest against expansion of the war swept the United States and four days later four student protesters at Ohio's Kent State University were shot dead by National Guardsmen. Links: USA, Vietnam, Cambodia, NixonR
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